Independent explainer

The Vulnerability Tsunami

AI models now find software security holes faster than the people who maintain that software can fix them. Here is what the term means, where it came from, who is covering it, and how the next 6 to 12 months could unfold.

Last updated October 25, 2026. All times Eastern.

What it is

The vulnerability tsunami is the idea that AI models now find software security holes faster than the people who maintain that software can fix them. Discovery has become cheap and fast; patching, testing and deploying fixes still runs at human speed. The gap between the two is the tsunami.

The phrase was popularized by Jason Clinton, deputy chief information security officer at Anthropic, in a post on X on Aug 20, 2026. He warned that a wave of AI-found vulnerabilities was months away and that critical infrastructure would not have time to patch, so operators should isolate networks now with air-gaps and data diodes.

The vulnerability tsunami is coming in just a few months and there won't be enough time to patch critical infrastructure. Network isolation described below (air-gaps and data diodes!) needed now!Jason D. Clinton (@JasonDClinton) on X, Aug 20, 2026

On Oct 22, after a week of major incidents, he followed up: things would get worse before they got better, and security leaders should ask their boards for help with the basics, holding on for about 18 months. That post, quoting the August one, drew more than 4 million views and pushed the phrase into mainstream news.

Related names
Black October (the press name for October 2026's run of AI-era incidents); Vulnami (Tenable's shorthand in its webinars)
Earlier uses
A few small X accounts used the phrase in early October 2026, for example around Google pausing its open-source bug bounty
Trigger event
PHP2Shell: two critical PHP flaws found with AI help, disclosed Oct 21, 2026

Timeline

Date (ET)Event
Aug 20, 4:56 PMClinton posts that the vulnerability tsunami is coming in a few months
Oct 1, 12:00 PMGoogle pauses product submissions to its open-source bug bounty, citing a surge of mostly invalid automated reports
Oct 13Microsoft Patch Tuesday ships 1,408 CVEs in one day, more than in all of 2025
Oct 21PHP2Shell (CVE-2026-109618, CVE-2026-109619) disclosed by Wiz, Calif and OpenAI; PHP ships emergency fixes; CISA urges immediate patching
Oct 21 to 22Some public services go offline as a precaution, including the Dutch DigiD login service and dozens of UK government agencies, per ExoBrain and The Telegraph
Oct 22, 1:43 PMClinton: it will get a lot worse before it gets better; hold on for about 18 months
Oct 22, eveningSam Altman: "I no longer think we're going to be able to patch all bugs"
Oct 23Press wave: The Guardian names the week Black October; Business Insider, Daily Mail, The Telegraph and Anadolu cover the warning
Oct 24CISA updates its PHP2Shell alert: take unpatchable PHP systems offline

Conversation on X

Oct 18: 00Oct 18Oct 19: 00Oct 19Oct 20: 00Oct 20Oct 21: 00Oct 21Oct 22: 6060Oct 22Oct 23: 160160Oct 23Oct 24: 2121Oct 24Oct 25: 1313Oct 25
Posts containing "vulnerability tsunami" or #VulnerabilityTsunami, by UTC day; Oct 25 runs through 12:49 PM ET. The idea spread far wider than the exact phrase did.
PostLikesRepostsViews
@JasonDClinton, Oct 22: worse before better, hold on ~18 months10,0101,3434.3M
@JasonDClinton, Aug 20: the vulnerability tsunami is coming1,702209979K
@DailyMail, Oct 23: story link32139.7K
@AGTPinsights, Oct 23: Black October explainer––78K
@BusinessInsider, Oct 23: story link115–

The numbers so far

2020: 18.4K18.4K20202021: 20.2K20.2K20212022: 25.1K25.1K20222023: 29.0K29.0K20232024: 40.1K40.1K20242025: 48.2K48.2K20252026 YTD: 86.6K86.6K2026 YTD
Published CVE records per year. 2020 to 2025 from the CVE Program; 2026 year to date as of Oct 25 from NVD and MITRE data via cyberleveling.com.
Indicator20252026
CVEs published, Jan 1 to Oct 1336,99879,680
CISA KEV additions, Jan 1 to Oct 20207270
Average time to exploitation72 hours24 hours
Microsoft CVEs, full year 2025 vs Oct 13, 2026 alone1,2441,408
New CVEs received by NVD vs analyzed, 2026–88,599 vs 41,792

Disclosures have roughly doubled while confirmed exploitation rose about 30%: most new CVEs are never exploited, but the ones that are get weaponized faster.

Sources: Empirical Security, Valyu (CISA KEV data), Recorded Future via RECATOOLS, NVD dashboard.

6 to 12 month outlook

These are projections, not forecasts of record. They extrapolate from the trends and expert statements cited on this page. Clinton's own horizon is about 18 months.
Base case

Sustained flood, managed by triage

CVE volume stays near 2026's doubled pace. Patch Tuesdays stay huge. A few more PHP2Shell-scale events hit widely used components. Defenders lean on KEV-style prioritization and AI-assisted remediation; most organizations absorb it with longer backlogs and more emergency patch windows.

Worse case

Exploitation catches up with discovery

Attackers automate exploitation as well as discovery. KEV additions accelerate beyond the current 30% growth, edge devices and unmaintained open source become the main targets, and more public services go offline as a precaution. Critical infrastructure without network isolation sees disruptive incidents.

Better case

Defense catches up

AI labs and vendors ship fixes alongside findings, coordinated disclosure holds, and AI-written patches plus safer-by-default code reduce new bug classes. Disclosure volume stays high but time to patch falls, and the wave peaks within the year.

Likely developments

  • Vendor AI remediation: products that find, verify and patch automatically, such as AWS Continuum, now generally available, and exposure-management platforms marketing to this moment.
  • Regulation: EU Cyber Resilience Act reporting has applied since Sep 11, 2026, with 24-hour early warnings for actively exploited flaws; open-source stewards join from Dec 11, 2027.
  • Shorter deadlines: since CISA's BOD 26-04 took effect on Jun 10, 81% of KEV additions carry a three-day federal remediation deadline.
  • Open-source strain: maintainers face both real AI-found bugs and floods of invalid automated reports; Google promises an update on its paused bounty in Q1 2027.
  • AI tooling as attack surface: CISA has added Langflow, LiteLLM, Ray and MLflow flaws to KEV this year.

Signposts to watch

  • Monthly CVE publication counts and NVD's analysis backlog
  • CISA KEV additions per month and the share with ransomware use
  • Size of Microsoft's next Patch Tuesdays (Nov 10, Dec 8)
  • Another core-infrastructure flaw on the scale of PHP2Shell
  • Google's Q1 2027 update on its open-source bounty
  • Whether frontier AI labs widen or restrict access to cyber-capable models